- It is used for actions that have happened recently or that have occurred but are not yet finished.
- The participle of regular verbs is formed by adding the endings "-ado" (verbs in "-ar") or "-ido" (for verbs in "-er" and "-ir").
- The past participle is invariable. It is the same for all personal pronouns.
| Conjugación de "haber" (Conjugation of "haber") | Participio (Participle) | Ejemplo (Example) |
|---|---|---|
| Yo he | tomado | He tomado una bebida en el bar. (I have had a drink at the bar.) |
| Tú has | Has tomado el menú en el restaurante. (You have taken the menu in the restaurant.) | |
| Él/ella ha | Ha tomado un plato en la pizzería. (Has taken a dish at the pizzeria.) | |
| Nosotros/-as hemos | Hemos tomado el postre en la cafetería. (We have had dessert in the café.) | |
| Vosotros/-as habéis | Habéis tomado un café en el restaurante. (You have had a coffee in the restaurant.) | |
| Ellos/-as han | Han tomado la bebida que les gustaba. (They have taken the drink they liked.) |
Exceptions!
- Some participles are irregular. For example: "escribir - escrito, abrir - abierto, hacer - hecho, decir - dicho, ver- visto, romper - roto."
Exercise 1: "Haber" + participio (el pretérito perfecto)
Instruction: Fill in the correct word.
hemos tomado, he tomado, han comido, ha comido, habéis tomado, han bebido, hemos bebido, has tomado
Exercise 2: Multiple Choice
Instruction: Choose the correct solution
1. He ______ el plato del día en el restaurante.
(I have ordered the dish of the day at the restaurant.)2. Hemos ______ una bebida fría en el bar.
(We have drunk a cold drink in the bar.)3. ¿Has ______ con el camarero para reservar una mesa?
(Have you spoken to the waiter to book a table?)4. He ______ una propina después de cenar en la pizzería.
(I left a tip after having dinner at the pizzeria.)5. Han ______ platos típicos de la cocina española.
(They have eaten typical dishes of Spanish cuisine.)6. He ______ en España y he visitado muchos restaurantes.
(I have lived in Spain and visited many restaurants.)